Theoretical aspects of Nuclear physics

Description

Theoretical aspects of nuclear physics

Two essential ingredients are required to solve the Nuclear Many-Body Problem:

first, precise knowledge of the Hamiltonian, and second, the development of optimal methods for solving the Schrödinger equation within a non-relativistic framework.

In this lecture, we focus primarily on the Hamiltonian, and more specifically, on the formulation of the interactions between nucleons (neutrons and protons) inside the nucleus.
This topic remains one of the most challenging in physics.
Indeed, despite numerous studies devoted to it, no definitive expression of the nuclear Hamiltonian has yet been established.
Many different forms of the nuclear interaction are currently used in calculations, and understanding this issue is therefore central to nuclear theory.

To address this problem, we begin by examining the experimental and theoretical properties that provide information about the interaction, including the symmetries of the nucleus at low energies that constrain the mathematical form of the operators.
We then introduce Yukawa's theory, which is based on the exchange of pion particles.
Finally, we discuss how to construct precise, so-called realistic interactions, as well as the most recent approaches in this field based on effective field theory.

The lecture concludes with a discussion of the interactions commonly used in nuclear theory within ab initio, perturbative, and variational methods.
These include, for instance, the shell model, cluster models, and the Hartree Fock method.

Compétences requises

This lecture assumes a solid understanding of quantum mechanics.

Compétences visées

•    Applying knowledge in physics

•    Apply methods from mathematics and digital technology

•    Produce a critical analysis, with hindsight and perspective

•    Interact with colleagues in physics and other disciplines

•    Research a physics topic using specialised resources

•    Communicate in writing and orally, including in English

•    Contribute to research work in physics

•    Respect ethical, professional and environmental principles in the practice of physics

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